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    Multi-sensor techniques for the measurement of post eruptive volcanic deformation and depositional features

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    Author
    McAlpin, David B.
    Chair
    Meyer, Franz J.
    Begét, James
    Committee
    Webley, Peter W.
    Dehn, Jonathan
    Keyword
    volcanic eruptions
    remote sensing
    volcanism
    Alaska
    Redoubt Volcano
    Augustine Volcano
    Russia
    Tolbachik Volcano
    Metadata
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/10630
    Abstract
    Remote sensing of volcanic activity is an increasingly important tool for scientific investigation, hazard mitigation, and geophysical analysis. These studies were conducted to determine how combining remote sensing data in a multi-sensor analysis can improve our understanding of volcanic activity, depositional behavior, and the evolutionary history of past eruptive episodes. In a series of three studies, (1) optical photogrammetry and synthetic aperture radar are combined to determine volumes of lahars and lava dome growth at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska; (2) applied data from multiple synthetic aperture radar platforms are combined to model long-term deposition of pyroclastic flow deposits, including past deposits underlying current, observable pyroclastic flow deposits at Augustine Volcano, Alaska; and finally (3) combined, low-spatial-resolution thermal data from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer sensors are combined with high resolution digital elevation models derived from the microwave TanDEM-X mission, to increase the accuracy of eruption profiles and effusion rates at Tolbachik Volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russian Far East. As a result of this study, the very diverse capabilities of multiple remote sensing instruments were combined to improve the understanding of volcanic processes at three separate locations with recent eruptive activity, and to develop new methods of measurement and estimation by merging the capabilities of optical, thermal, and microwave observations. With the multi-sensor frameworks developed in this study now in place, future efforts should focus on increasing the diversity of sensor types in joint analyses, with the objective of obtaining better solutions to geophysical questions.
    Description
    Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2019
    Date
    2019-08
    Type
    Dissertation
    Collections
    Geosciences

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