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    Cryofouling avoidance in the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki

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    Author
    Wong, William S. Y.
    Hauer, Lukas
    Cziko, Paul A.
    Meister, Konrad
    Keyword
    Antarctic scallop
    anti-icing structures
    marine environments
    bush sponges
    temperate species
    cryofouling avoidance
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/12667
    Abstract
    The presence of supercooled water in polar regions causes anchor ice to grow on submerged objects, generating costly problems for engineered materials and life-endangering risks for benthic communities. The factors driving underwater ice accretion are poorly understood, and passive prevention mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki appears to remain ice-free in shallow Antarctic marine environments where underwater ice growth is prevalent. In contrast, scallops colonized by bush sponges in the same microhabitat grow ice and are removed from the population. Characterization of the Antarctic scallop shells revealed a hierarchical micro-ridge structure with sub-micron nano-ridges which promotes directed icing. This concentrates the formation of ice on the growth rings while leaving the regions in between free of ice, and appears to reduce ice-to-shell adhesion when compared to temperate species that do not possess highly ordered surface structures. The ability to control the formation of ice may enable passive underwater anti-icing protection, with the removal of ice possibly facilitated by ocean currents or scallop movements. We term this behavior cryofouling avoidance. We posit that the evolution of natural anti-icing structures is a key trait for the survival of Antarctic scallops in anchor ice zones.
    Date
    2022-01-21
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    Citation
    Wong, W. S., Hauer, L., Cziko, P. A., & Meister, K. (2022). Cryofouling avoidance in the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki. Communications Biology, 5(1), 1-8.
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    Meister, Konrad

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