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    Character and controls of fold-and-thrust deformation from pre-orogenic to foreland basin deposits: an example from the Gilead creek region of the Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska

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    Author
    Speeter, Garrett
    Keyword
    Orogenic belts
    Brooks Range
    Orogeny
    Geological folds
    Geological basins
    Metadata
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/12781
    Abstract
    "The character of structures in the Gilead Creek region is influenced by the mechanical stratigraphy in the area. Shortening is distributed throughout the mechanical stratigraphy along detachments in the incompetent Kayak, Kavik, Kingak, and Hue Shales. Detachment intervals separate competent Lisburne Group, Echooka Formation, Ledge Sandstone/Shublik Formation, Gilead sandstone, and moderately competent Seabee Formation from each other and allow the competent units to fold at distinct wavelengths according to their mechanical properties. Thick, competent units tend to form long-wavelength folds. Thin, competent units form relatively short-wavelength folds. Thin, competent units that are structurally bound to a thicker, structurally more dominant unit, adhere to the structural style of the dominant unit unless there is some detachment between them. Strain is distributed through shale intervals in the moderately competent units, allowing short-wavelength folds in the thin competent beds. The dominant trend of structures in the area is northeast overprinted on east. East-trending structures formed during the ~60 Ma event that formed the main axis of the Brooks Range and its foothills. Northeast-trending structures formed during the formation of the northeastern Brooks Range dated at ~45 Ma, ~35 Ma, and ~27 Ma, manifest locally by the compressional uplift of the Echooka anticlinorium southeast of Gilead Creek"--Leaf iii.
    Description
    Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2010
    Table of Contents
    1. Geologic setting -- 1.1. Introduction and significance -- 1.2. Geologic setting -- 1.3. Regional stratigraphy -- 1.4. Regional structure -- 2. Methods and data -- 2.1. Geologic mapping data -- 2.1.1. Important aspects of the map -- 2.2. Paleontological data -- 2.3. Aerial photograph and remote sensing data -- 3. Observations -- 3.1. Stratigraphy -- 3.1.1. Pre-Mississippian basement -- 3.1.2. Ellesmerian sequence -- 3.1.2.1. Mississippian kayak shale -- 3.1.2.2. Mississippian and Pennsylvanian Lisburne group -- 3.1.2.3. Permian Echooka formation -- 3.1.2.4. Triassic Kavik member of the Ivishak formation -- 3.1.2.5. Triassic ledge member of the Ivishak formation -- 3.1.2.6. Triassic Shublik formation -- 3.1.2.7. Jurassic and Cretaceous Kingak shale -- 3.1.3. Brookian sequence -- 3.1.3.1. Mid-Cretaceous (Albian and Cenomanian) Gilead sandstone -- 3.1.3.1.1. Gilead depositional facies -- 3.1.3.1.2. Upper and lower contacts -- 3.1.3.1.3. Gilead age control -- 3.1.3.2. Cretaceous Hue shale -- 3.1.3.3. Middle early Turonian lower Seabee -- 3.1.3.4. Late early to late Turonian upper Seabee -- 3.1.3.5. Campanian Canning formation -- 3.2. Mechanical stratigraphy -- 3.3. Structural domains -- 3.4. Cross sections -- 3.5. Structural overview -- 3.6. Orientation and displacement of structures by domain -- 3.6.1. Domains 1-2 -- 3.6.2. Domains 3-4 -- 3.6.3. Domains 5-6 -- 3.6.4. Domains 7-9 -- 3.6.5. Domain 10 -- 3.7. Fission track data -- 3.7.1. Seabee, Hue shale, and Canning cooling ages-domain 10 -- 3.7.2. Gilead cooling ages domains 5-8 -- 3.7.3. Cooling age from the Echooka anticlinorium -- 4. Interpretations -- 4.1. Interpretation of structures by domain -- 4.1.1. The Echooka anticlinorium -- 4.1.2. Domains 1-2 -- 4.1.3. Domains 3-4 -- 4.1.4. Domains 5-6 -- 4.1.5. Domains 7-9 -- 4.1.6. Domain 10 -- 4.2. Preliminary fission track data interpretation -- 4.3. Structural sections and restorations -- 4.3.1. Structural section 2 -- 4.3.2. Restored structural section 2 -- 4.3.3. Structural section 3 -- 4.3.4. Restored structural section 3 -- 4.3.5. Structural sections 4-6 -- 4.3.6. Restored structural sections 4-6 -- 4.3.7. Structural section 7 -- 4.3.8. Restored structural section 7 -- 4.3.9. Structural section 1 -- 4.3.10. Restored structural section 1 -- 4.4. Conclusions -- References.
    Date
    2010-12
    Type
    Thesis
    Collections
    Geosciences

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