• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • University of Alaska Fairbanks
    • UAF Graduate School
    • Interdisciplinary Studies
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • University of Alaska Fairbanks
    • UAF Graduate School
    • Interdisciplinary Studies
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of Scholarworks@UACommunitiesPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsTypeThis CollectionPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsType

    My Account

    Login

    First Time Submitters, Register Here

    Register

    Statistics

    Display statistics

    Rooted in environmental justice: phytogeography and ethnoecology of Serianthes

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    Demeulenaere_uaf_0006E_11260.pdf
    Size:
    15.55Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    Author
    Demeulenaere, Else
    Chair
    Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.
    Committee
    Lovecraft, Amy Lauren
    Yamin-Pasternak, Sveta
    Jernigan, Kevin
    Rubinstein, Donald H.
    Keyword
    Endangered plants
    Conservation
    Micronesia
    Genetics
    Habitat
    Phylogeny
    Plant genetics
    Phytogeography
    Ethnoecology
    Phytogeography
    Guam
    Caesalpiniaceae
    Ethnoecology
    Biogeography
    Endangered Species Act of 1973
    Environmental justice
    Show allShow less
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/12993
    Abstract
    Serianthes Benth. (Fabaceae) is one of the most endangered plant genera in the world, with 12 of the 18 species listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Serianthes trees are culturally important to island communities of the Indo-Pacific region for canoes, boats, traditional houses, and medicine. Habitat loss and ecosystem degradation increased pressure on these trees, also threatening its Indigenous cosmology and traditional practices. This interdisciplinary study integrated genomic, biogeographic and ethnoecological approaches to develop appropriate policies that protect the Indigenous biocultural diversity of Serianthes. Phylogenomics of 401 nuclear exons and non-coding flanking regions using both a multi-species coalescent model and a partition gene tree analysis confirmed the monophyly of the genus and inferred the biogeography and phylogenetic relationships within Serianthes. The Guåhan (Guam) and Luta (Rota) endemic Serianthes nelsonii (known locally as Håyun lågu and Tronkon guåfi respectively) are closely related to South Pacific species. Serianthes kanehirae from Belau (Palau) and Wa'ab (Yap) are closely related to Malesian and Papuasian species. Phylogeographical patterns of Serianthes in Micronesia are discussed to inform conservation management. The ethnoecological study revealed interspecies relationships between people, animals, and plants remain strong. The traditional use of Ukall and Gumor (Serianthes kanehirae) on Belau and Wa'ab respectively remain part of Belau and Wa'ab's culture and are intertwined with rituals respecting the spiritual world. On Luta, Tronkon guåfi is an established flagship for endangered species conservation, while the last adult Håyun lågu tree on Guåhan became a rallying point for spiritual resistance when its habitat became threatened by military plans to construct a firing range. Despite its listing as critically endangered by the Endangered Species Act, its habitat is still at risk of being lost. The social movement guided by Prutehi Litekyan brought the community together to protect the Håyun lågu tree based on Indigenous belief systems. The social movement and policy research used a qualitative mixed-method approach to evaluate the dimensions of the Endangered Species Act in relation to environmental justice and biocultural rights. I concluded that a bottom-up co-management approach with polycentric networks best fits the social-cultural system of Guåhan. I propose Indigenous participation and the creation of an advisory council, comprising traditional and scientific knowledge holders, to advise on biocultural diversity preservation in the Mariana Islands.
    Description
    Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2021
    Table of Contents
    Chapter 1. General introduction to the interdisciplinary study. Chapter 2. Review of biogeographic studies reveal plant propagule adaptation and patterns of long-distance dispersal towards Micronesia. Chapter 3. Phylogenomic assessment of the monophyly of Serianthes and its relationship with Falcataria and Wallaceodendron in the wider ingoid clade (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae). Chapter 4. Phylogenomic inference in Serianthes (Fabaceae) informs taxonomy, biogeography and macroevolution. Chapter 5. Prutehi Litekyan: A social movement to protect biocultural diversity and restore Indigenous land sovereignty on Guåhan. Chapter 6. Indigenous spirituality surrounding Serianthes trees in Micronesia: Traditional practice, conservation and resistance. Chapter 7. Recollections of fadang and fanihi: The taste and smell of CHamoru bygone foods and the challenge of endangered island species. Chapter 8. Whose policy? The need for improved fit between biocultural rights and the U.S. Endangered Species Act in the Mariana Islands. Chapter 9. General conclusions. Appendix.
    Date
    2021-12
    Type
    Dissertation
    Collections
    Biological Sciences
    Interdisciplinary Studies

    entitlement

     
    ABOUT US|HELP|BROWSE|ADVANCED SEARCH

    The University of Alaska Fairbanks is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer and educational institution and is a part of the University of Alaska system.

    ©UAF 2013 - 2023 | Questions? ua-scholarworks@alaska.edu | Last modified: September 25, 2019

    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.