Ice cover development on interior Alaska streams

Abstract

A number of photographs are presented which illustrate selected aspects of frazil ice formation in turbulent Interior Alaska streams. These include the various forms of frazil ice found in turbulent streams and the processes involved in the development of an ice cover on the streams. All of the photographs depict frazil ice under field conditions. They include photographs of cooling conditions, frazil discs (both in situ and removed from the stream), anchor ice, edge ice, frazil flocs, frazil pans, snow slush, and frazil floes. Photographs of hydrological conditions that lead to the production of large frazil ice floes and of different types of frazil ice jams are also included. These photographs provide visual documentation of the key role that frazil ice plays in ice cover development on turbulent streams in Interior Alaska.