The Height of F-Layer Irregularities in the Arctic Ionosphere

dc.contributor.author	Bates, Howard F.
dc.date.accessioned	2014-05-14T17:20:48Z
dc.date.available	2014-05-14T17:20:48Z
dc.date.issued	1959-03
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/11122/3560
dc.description.abstract	Results and interpretations of oblique incidence soundings of the arctic ionosphere are presented. Anomalous echoes are found to be prevalent in high latitudes in contrast to lower latitudes where 2F groundscatter predominates. One of the echoes seen regularly at College, Alaska has been identified as direct F-layer (IF) backscatter. The observations of the IF echo provide direct evidence of the presence of irregularities in the F-layer between heights of 350 and 600 km. The IF echoes are recorded regularly at night and occasionally during the day in disturbed periods. They appear to be associated with auroral ionization. Simultaneous reception of 2F echoes from the north and the south indicates that at times the reflecting layer is tilted. Tilt-angles in the vicinity of 2 to 3 degrees are found. The 2F echoes from the north usually connect to the extraordinary branch of the vertical incidence trace while the 2F echoes from the south appear to connect to the ordinary branch. The analysis of groundscattered (2F) echoes is extended from a plane to a spherical geometry, and it is shown that a geometrical extension of the plane earth theory is adequate. The observed range-frequency dependence differs only slightly from that predicted by the latter theory.	en_US
dc.description.sponsorship	The research reported in this document has been sponsored by the Electronic Research Directorate of the Air Force Cambridge Research Center, Air Research and Development Command. Air Force Research Contract No. AF 19(604)-1859	en_US
dc.language.iso	en_US	en_US
dc.publisher	Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska	en_US
dc.source	Geophysical Institute	en_US
dc.title	The Height of F-Layer Irregularities in the Arctic Ionosphere	en_US
dc.type	Report	en_US
dc.description.peerreview	Yes	en_US

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