• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • University of Alaska Fairbanks
    • UAF Graduate School
    • Biological Sciences
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • University of Alaska Fairbanks
    • UAF Graduate School
    • Biological Sciences
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of Scholarworks@UACommunitiesPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsTypeThis CollectionPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsType

    My Account

    Login

    First Time Submitters, Register Here

    Register

    Statistics

    Display statistics

    Evolutionary ecological genetics of some neotropical birds

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    Miller.Matthew.2008.pdf
    Size:
    3.831Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    Author
    Miller, Matthew J.
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/4922
    Abstract
    Most of the current models to explain the diversification of Neotropical birds focus on physical barriers to gene flow. However, for any species the geographic structuring of populations is caused by an interaction between physical barriers to gene flow and a species' propensity to overcome those barriers. The three chapters presented in this dissertation provide three perspectives on this interaction and how it has shaped the diversification of some Neotropical birds. First, the widespread Neotropical lowland forest flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus had three phylogeographic splits across the Andes, resulting in four geographically structured lineages west of the Andes. At least two of these splits post-date Andean uplift, and therefore represent dispersal across the Andes. Coalescent estimates suggest that gene flow occurred with some regularity after the third colonization event several hundred thousand years ago. Secondly, I found that within-population genetic variation in nine codistributed Neotropical landbirds fit a humped distribution, whereby mid-range populations had higher genetic diversity than range-edge populations. This finding is not consistent with a model of increasing genetic diversity with decreasing latitude. Thirdly, I examined variation in genetic differentiation between two populations in 60 codistributed Neotropical landbirds. All species were sampled in southern Belize and central Panama, and I found that the net nucleotide divergence (DA) spanned two orders of magnitude (0.00%--0.085%). Species of frugivores and nectivores had significantly lower DA values than species of insectivores, and in a subsample of 19 species with population-level sampling I found that populations of frugivores and nectivores were significantly more likely to show genetic signals of population expansion than populations of insectivores. These results suggest that foraging ecology plays a fundamentally import role in determining diversification patterns of neotropical birds. These three results should provide important baseline data and new insights into the processes that have led to the neotropical region having the highest avian diversity of all the Earth's biomes.
    Description
    Dissertation (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2008
    Table of Contents
    1. Out of Amazonia again and again: episodic crossing of the Andes promotes diversification in a lowland forest flycatcher -- 2. Neotropical birds show a humped distribution of genetic diversity along a latitudinal transect -- 3. Foraging ecology influences population genetic differentiation in sixty codistributed neotropical bird species -- Conclusions.
    Date
    2008-08
    Type
    Dissertation
    Collections
    Biological Sciences

    entitlement

     
    ABOUT US|HELP|BROWSE|ADVANCED SEARCH

    The University of Alaska Fairbanks is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer and educational institution and is a part of the University of Alaska system.

    ©UAF 2013 - 2023 | Questions? ua-scholarworks@alaska.edu | Last modified: September 25, 2019

    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.