The effect of a low copper diet on muskox calf immune function and health

Abstract

Weight loss and ill thrift are common problems encountered in muskox calves raised in captivity. Varied diagnostic results suggest that there is immunosuppression possibly related to trace mineral intake. This experiment evaluates the influence of a single trace element, copper, on muskox calf health and development. Muskox calves consuming a diet containing 5 ppm Cu exhibited lower weight gains, reduced survivability, depleted lymphoid tissue, thinner aortic arches, more muscle wasting and an increased occurrence of diarrhea than a group consuming the same diet but receiving injectable Cu supplementation. This study demonstrates the importance of adequate copper in the diet ensuring proper growth and development of the immune system in muskox calves. Muskox calf health and ultimately survival depends upon careful management to ensure the transition from a milk-based diet to a properly balanced solid diet. This coupled with efforts to minimize exposure to pathogens and environmental bacteria will enhance survival.