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    Quasi-static granular flow of ice mélange

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    Author
    Amundson, Jason M.
    Burton, J. C.
    Keyword
    Ice Melange
    Velocity Fields
    Jakobshavn Isbræ
    Helheim Glacier
    Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier
    Metadata
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11122/9724
    Abstract
    We use Landsat 8 imagery to generate ice mélange velocity fields at Greenland’s three most productive outlet glaciers: Jakobshavn Isbræ, Helheim Glacier, and Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier. Winter velocity fields are generally steady and highly uniform. Summer velocity fields, on the other hand, tend to be much more variable and can be uniform, compressional, or extensional. We rarely observe compressional flow at Jakobshavn Isbræ or extensional flow at Helheim Glacier, while both are observed at Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier. Transverse velocity profiles from all three locations are suggestive of viscoplastic flow, in which deformation occurs primarily in shear zones along the fjord walls. We analyze the transverse profiles in the context of quasi-static flow using continuum rheologies for granular materials and find that the force per unit width that ice mélange exerts on glacier termini increases exponentially with the ice mélange length-to-width ratio and the effective coefficient of friction. Our estimates of ice mélange resistance are consistent with other independent estimates and suggest that ice mélange may be capable of inhibiting iceberg calving events, especially during winter. Moreover, our results provide geophysical-scale support for constitutive relationships for granular materials and suggest a potential avenue for modeling ice mélange dynamics with continuum models.
    Date
    2018-09-11
    Source
    Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
    Publisher
    American Geophysical Union
    Type
    Article
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    Citation
    Amundson, J. M., & Burton, J. C. (2018). Quasi-static granular flow of ice mélange. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 123. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004685
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    Amundson, Jason M.

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