Households and businesses in Southcentral Alaska have relied on Cook Inlet natural gas as their primary energy source for decades, but as utilities face rising costs to secure that gas they are evaluating a portfolio of alternatives, including LNG imports, potential North Slope supplies, alternative fuels for electricity generation, and demand-side management, weighing each along dimensions of cost, timing, quantity, reliability, and long-term economic sustainability. Although technically recoverable gas remains in the Cook Inlet, it will likely be available only at increasingly higher prices, and the gap between lower-cost local supply and regional demand is expected to widen over time; currently identified alternative energy projects (particularly if limited to a narrower set of wind, solar, and geothermal developments) are insufficient on their own to close that deficit. Electrification of residential and commercial heating could reduce direct gas use but would raise electricity demand, potentially increasing gas consumption at gas-fired generators unless additional non-gas generation is developed, meaning the net gas savings are uncertain even though households and businesses may independently adopt such investments. Given these constraints, it is difficult to construct near-term scenarios that avoid LNG imports, while over the medium to long term a broader set of options, including expanded renewables and possible North Slope gas delivery, could partly or fully reduce reliance on imported LNG.

This report examines the challenges and opportunities involved in increasing Alaska’s role in the U.S. critical minerals industry. It describes how critical minerals are defined, and which of those have been mined today, have been mined in the past or are likely to be mined in the near future. It describes how market conditions and geology affect Alaska’s opportunities to increase critical mineral production. It also describes how Alaska’s benefits from critical mineral production are the same as those from any mineral production: jobs, income, and taxes. Finally, the report makes recommendations for expanding critical mineral production.

Advancing Wildfire Preparedness and Planning takes an in-depth look at the dynamic factors that are impacting wildfire occurrence for the most populated geographic area in the 49th State of Alaska, the Municipality of Anchorage (MOA). The length and severity of recent fire seasons pose a threat to those who have chosen a niche in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) area to call “home.” This report is a “call to action” in many ways, delving into some of the swings in weather patterns caused by climatic change. These subtle changes are at the root of the evolving wildfire danger and its effect on the 291,247 residents (2020 census) of the MOA. The objective of this report is to combine the knowledge of local wildfire managers with some unique geographic information system tools to help analyze and bring a better understanding of what residents can do to mitigate wildfire risk. The lengthening fire seasons, increase in fuel (vegetation) loadings, the upswing in wildfire occurrence statistics and diminishing budgets to provide for mitigation measures pose an increasingly higher risk for the potential loss of life, homes, and infrastructure. Hopefully, the recommendations found in the conclusion of this report will offer residents some clarity as to what should be in the cross hairs of their efforts as they navigate the potentially cataclysmic danger of a major wildfire within the WUI of the MOA.

In 2006, the State of Alaska closed its defined benefit retirement plan and required all newly hired public education employees—mostly teachers—to join a defined contribution plan. This paper examines whether that change in pension structure affected recruitment or retention in Alaska’s public education workforce.